Cylinder for hydraulic motors



(No Model.)

' W. ROSS.

CYLINDER FOR HYDRAULIC MOTORS. No. 882,389. Patented May 8, 1888.

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WILLIAM Ross, OF TROY, Nnw YORK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 382,389, dated May 8, 1888.

Application filed June 9, 1887. Serial No. 140,70l. (No model.)

a part of this specification.

Similar letters refer to similar parts in the several gures therein.

My invention relates to improvements in cylinders for hydraulic motors, and particularly water-engine cylinders; and it consists of the novel construction ofthe cylinder body and heads, and combinationof part-s, hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

The objects of the invention are made apparent in connection with the following description.

Figure l of the drawingsis a frontelevatiou of a completed cylinder embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a vertical central section extending from front to rear of the device, as shownin Fig. l, and along the broken line X X in Fig. 5; also showing a corresponding section of a cylinder-port valve attached; also the broken ends of two'interchangeable cylinder-tubes of different diameters. Fig. 3 is a planview of a cylinder-guide ring. Fig. 4. is a top plan view OI" the device, as shown in Fig. l. Fig. 5 is atop plan view of the lower cylinder-head detached, showing in' dotted lines a section of the valve, taken on broken line X Xin Fig. 2, attached. Fig` 6 is an end view of the tube forming the body of the cylinder.

The cylinder covers A A are linked together by the bolts or rods H, passing through holes I, in susha manner as to support the in terposed tube or cylinderB and coverits open ends. The heads are each preferably made of metal cast in a single piece, and provided exteriorly with a cylinder-guide iiange, F, and a leg or stem, K', projecting from the cylinderface of the head. The ends of the stems are provided with faces S, forming seats for a com- Inon valve, V. (Shown in cross-section in Fig.` 2 and by dotted lines in Fig. 5.)

lThe cylinder-body consists of'a piece of `straight unfianged tubing, B, the ends ofwhich The heads are provided interiorly with an4 air-chamber, G, opening into a water-duct, K, leading through aperture a from the ends or ports of the cylinderbody to the valve-ports through suitable apertures, d, in the valvecase seat S. The alternate movements of the valve-stem b alternately open and close the inlet-port N and the outlet-port O of the valve for the ingress and egress of water to and from the piston (shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2) in the usual well-known manner.l

By projecting the walls a, surrounding the openings c in the heads, interiorly to a point near the bottom of the air-chamber, the inclosed air is prevented from escaping with the iniiowing Water into the cylinder, and by similarly extending the interior wall of` duct K the airis prevented from escaping with the outflowing water passing from the cylinder. Iam thus able to secure within the heads, and with comparatively little or no expense, an air-cushion, the use of which in connection with water-engines is well understood, its object being to prevent too,great strain upon the various parts of the engine by means of the inertia of a moving nou-compressible fluid, as water. The head through which the pistonrod e passes is provided with an aperture on the back or upper side, adapted to receive the rod and the usual packing, C. This aperture is also provided with a projecting threaded iange adapted to receive the usual stuffingnut, C.

rlhe advantage of bolting or linking together upon the ends of the cylinder-tube the two heads provided with valve-case seats and ducts leading from said seats to the ports or ends of the cylinder-tube is, that a straight unlianged section of ordinary tubing may be employed for the body of the cylinder, thus avoiding the necessity ot' boring or fitting up a cylindern casting, and the valve-case seats upon the two heads can be easily and upon the first trial brought into exact alignment to reoeivethe common valvecasefV, which could not be easily accomplished if thevheads were screwed onto the ends of the cylinder-tube; also, that by loosening the nuts upon one end of bolts H the cylinder-tube can beeasily `detached and another differing in diameter A substituted therefor, thereby varying the capacity of the engine without any other change than that of substituting cylinder t-ubes and pistons of varying diameters. The faces of the heads may be provided with circular grooves of different diameters adapted to receive the ends of correspondingV tubes. One such groove is indicated by dotted lines in the upper head in Fig.

2. I prefer, however, to make use of loose detachable rings D, which can be easily made of any required internal diameter to receive a tube of the desired size. The ring is inserted between the tube and the xed guide-fiange F, as shown in the lower part of' Fig. 2, which represents the broken end of a tube, B, smallerv in diameter than tube B, in position.

flanged tube or cylinder, of tube-supporting end covers or headslinked together, each being provided with a valvecase seat, and duct leading from said seat to a cylinder-port, said seats being arranged in alignment and forming together a seat for a common valve-case, substantially as described, and for the purposes set forth.

2. The combination, with a straight unlanged tube or cylinder, of detachably-conneeted end-supporting covers or heads, each provided with a cylindenport leading to a valvecase seat, and axed guideflange, substantially as described, and for the purposes set forth.

3. The combination, with a straight unanged tube or cylinder, of detachablyconnected end-supporting covers or heads, each provided with a eylinder-port leading to a valve-case seat, and a fixed guide-Hange and a detachable guide-ring, substantially as described, and for the purposes set forth.

et. The combination, with a cylinder-tube, of tube-supporting end covers or heads linked together, each head being a' single piece of metal cast with a valve-case seat, and an@- cgmmppgningintpua duct leading from one end of said tube to said valve-case seat, substantially as described, and for the purposes set forth. t

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this lst day of June, 1887.

WILLIAM ROSS. Witnesses:

GEO. A. MosHER, CHAs. L. ALBEN. 

